Pufferfish and Tobies

Pufferfish are able to inflate their stomachs with air or water. Their single dorsal and anal fins are very small. Their fused teeth form a beak. Puffer and toby teeth grow throughout their lives. To keep them ground down, they must eat hard-shelled invertebrates. Otherwise, their teeth will have to be manually filed down by their keepers.

Rather than scales, these fish have short spines. They also lack ribs.

Those species from the subfamily Tetraodontinae have more of a balloon shape. They have rounded bodies and short snouts. Those of the subfamily Canthigaster are slightly compressed with long snouts.

The skin and organs of puffers have tetraodotoxin. This strong poison is lethal when consumed, even by humans. Any dying individuals should be removed from the tank immediately so that tissue breakdown does not result in tank poisoning.

Those from reef areas feed on a variety of benthic invertebrates, such as sponges, stony corals, tubeworms, bivalves, sea urchins, and sea stars. In general, puffers and tobies are not reef safe. Aquarists should feed these fish a variety of crustacean meat, and some hard-shelled invertebrates, such as mollusks from a seafood counter. They require feedings two to three times per day.

Intentionally causing puffers to inflate is ill-advised as it can cause serious, permanent health problems. Many species harbor internal parasites and require regular de-worming. These fish are also susceptible to external parasites. Aquarists should keep a hospital tank and appropriate medication on hand.

Puffers enjoy lots of swimming room, but also appreciate crevices and rockwork to hide behind. Many different puffers may reside together peacefully, especiall those of the Arothron species. However, occasional quarreling may occur. Care should also be taken when working in a tank of large puffers. They can inflict a painful, and serious bite.

Click on an image below for detailed information about the species.